Ethical Dilemmas In Information Systems Project - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 906 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/05/08 Category Society Essay Level High school Topics: Ethical Dilemma Essay Did you like this example? Ethical dilemmas in Information Systems Project In projects, especially big information systems projects risks are high. There is a lot of pressure on the team members and the project managers to get the job done on time, within budget and conforming to the scope. Not surprisingly, there are many situations during the lifetime of the project that ethical dilemmas arise. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Ethical Dilemmas In Information Systems Project" essay for you Create order These ethical dilemmas are situations which require people to make a choice between options. In situations like these project managers should take corrective actions and their actions can set the tone of ethics in the project. In this article we will see two ethical dilemmas that arise in IT projects, their implications and suggestive actions for project managers. One of the examples of ethical dilemmas that arise in projects is the failure in reporting the exact picture to all the stakeholders. A project has many stakeholders, like clients, project managers, team members, customers etc. These stakeholders have the right to know the exact picture of the project at all the required times. It is the duty of everyone involved in a project to make sure everyone else is aware of the correct status because their actions can hamper others work. For example, sometime in situations like a project falling behind the deadline or a project exceeding budget, it becomes an ethical dilemma for the project managers whether or not to tell the clients or customers about this delay or over budgeting. He/She faces dilemmas like how much of the truth should be revealed. There are many implications if there is a failure in reporting the exact picture to all the stakeholders. If the delay caused in a project is not conveyed to lets say Client, they will be under the impression that project is moving in accordance to the desired timeline and will keep on expecting the delivery on time and many times due to this pressure of delivering on time the quality of the product is compromised to a large extent. This compromises the reputation of the company, of the project manager as a professional leading to low market value. It is the duty of the PM to make sure exact picture is reported to all the stakeholders. This can be done in many ways, for example by establishing a reporting standard and the team know in advance. PM can conduct regular meetings every week to closely monitor the progress of the project. They should maintain a backlog for issues and modules that are not completed in time. PMs should try to be as accurate as possible in their reporting. If they are using any approximations, they should be conveyed beforehand. PMs are the liaison between the team and all other stakeholders; obviously they are under a lot of pressure and may sometimes end up falsifying the reports. They should try to not succumb to such pressure and should try to maintain transparency. Another example of ethical dilemma project managers face is when to call a project quits. There are many situations when a project needs to be shut down. Situations like when there are changes in the business requirements in middle of the project and the new requirements dont align with the goals of the company, project managers then decide whether to go on with a project or not. PMs being a connection between the company and stakeholders, they clearly know whether the business requirements map clearly with the goals of the project. It becomes an ethical dilemma for the project managers whether or not to call it quits. Over budgeting is also a major reason why projects get called off. In case of over budgeting, PM should take a call whether or not to continue with the project. There are many implications if a project doesnt get called off at the right time. A project that is dragged unnecessarily results in wastage of company resources like people working on a project, budget allotte d and time involved. If a project manager decides to call a project off at the right time because of issues mentioned above, all the resources working on the project can work for something else instead of a non-yielding project. When a project is large and involves a lot of people, this wastage can scale up to millions of dollars. Decision of calling off a project at the right time thus becomes very crucial in order to save time and money. As mentioned before, the Project managers should decide when to continue with a project and when to call it off. PMs can address these situations via variety of ways. Combination of budget and strategic conditions are main criteria project managers should consider while deciding whether to use resources on a project or not. They can conduct initial meetings with all the involved stakeholders and can come up with criteria to be considered while evaluating the future of the project. The established criteria should be clearly stated in the Project charter by the PM at the start of the project and the project should be regularly evaluated against the charter in order to have a clear understanding of the health of the project. Thus, we can say that a project can never be devoid of ethical dilemmas. As seen in the article, project managers should try and resolve these ethical dilemmas in a way that everyone is benefitted at the end and the focus of the project is not compromised.

Negative Impact Of Video Games On Children - 1278 Words

Negative Impact Of Video Games When you look around these days, kids as young as five years old are holding their portable devices as their eyes are glued to their screens and their minds clueless about their surroundings. Increasing violence and contents of the video games have a huge impact on our generation of young children mentally and physically. When I was growing up, video games used to be a source connecting people around the world with their mutual love of fun filled games. However, over a period of time with advanced technology, more techniques of realistic graphics that are violent and gender biased were introduced. There are varieties of gaming system in the market such as Xbox One, Wii, Playstation, and unlimited computer games. Even though the violent video games have age restrictions, children can still manage to get their hands on it and observe the violence within the games. Children are more inclined towards buying games which have more action and violence. These v ideo games have a negative impact on our young adult generation in the name of fun, as they promote aggressive behavior, unrealistic popular and awkward approaches to the world, and time management problems. When video games were introduced in early 1970, Atari VCS was quite Negative at that time. Only ten challenged games were designed to play on Atari, which included Outlaw, Pong, and tank games. As arcade and home gaming systems became popular, fans around the world grew in numbersShow MoreRelatedThe Negative Impact of Video Game Violence on Children Essay example735 Words   |  3 Pagesfactors is children playing violent video games. Although video games are commonly used by children there can be negative effects when introduced to violent video games. Recent studies have shown a correlation between violent video games and the behavior of young children. 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It also touches on other involved parties in the management of the media entertainmentRead MoreViolent Video Games Essay889 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å" Video game violence has become a highly politicized issue for scientists and the general public † ( Ferguson, 2007 p309). The video game is always controversial as some of them contain sexual and violence and so on. Especially some violence games were played by the adolescents. Adolescents are very fragility. Violent video games are negative for the children which will impact their social relationship, their health and make them h as aggressive behavior. First violent video games will impact

Business and Corporation Law Implied Terms

Question: Discuss about the Business and Corporation Law for Implied Terms. Answer: 1: According to thecase scenario, there is an agreement between Jane and Jack. Jane decides to sell her Lotus Super 7 sports car in $25000to Jack. Jane is going overseas, so he is facing some financial problem so he wants to sell the car to Jack. The agreement was made between Jane and Jack for personal purpose of Jane. An invitation of treat was given by Jane by describing the good condition of the car. Jack accepted the offer. There are four basic legal elements in a contract: offer, acceptance, consideration and invitation of treat (Burrows, et al. 2011). Any law becomes enforceable when the agreement is void and all the factors of the contract are present in the agreement. In this contract four elements are present; the agreement has taken place between Jack and Jane. Jane gave the offer and Jane accepted.As per IRAC methodthe cases are describes below. Issues The agreement took place between two parties but as per section 9 of contract act, it is very important to state the terms of a contract and in any offer, it is necessary to state the price which is not clear here. The offer is open ended and it can also be stated as implied terms because the offeror (Jane) did not mention the amount to the offeree (Jack) (Austen-Baker, 2011). Even it is unclear that whether the contract is oral or written or online.This is the main issue in the agreement. The market value of Lotus Super 7 sports car is $25000, which is mentioned here but the rate which Jane has made has not been mention but the offer is accepted by Jack without knowing the price, so invitation of treat has taken place here. In any offer, it is very important that advertisement should be given properly but as the good condition of the contract is not described properly, so problem arises here.The contract has taken place in unexpressed way. The amount description is unclear which the main problem is in this case. In this case, the market value of the Lotus Super 7 sports car is $25000. Jane has offered the product to Jack in the same rate of $25000. The product is in good condition but as Jane has used the product, so he has to sell the product in a second hand rate. As per article2 of Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) sellers obligation has taken place in this deal (Litowitz, et al. 2001). As per that law, sellers obligation takes place because, there is a rule in business law that if any second hand material is sold in market, then the rate of the product will be less than the market value of the product.Here, Jack has accepted the offer but Jane has not made valid rate of the product. This is the main issue here. Invitation of treat has formed but proper advertisement has not given by Jane, describing the condition of the sports car. So, obligation or problem arises in this case because Jane has not followed the Uniform Commercial Code here. In this case Jane has offered $2500 to sell the sports car. The product is in good condition and the market value of the product is $25000. The problem arises here because he had fixed a very less price of the sports car at $2500. In this type of agreement he runs loss. As per contract law, all the elements of the contract should be void and the agreement becomes enforceable when proper consideration is done and profit is received from both the side but here Jane is running loss and it is the main issue of the contract (Law Of Contract, et al. 2007) Rules As per section 9 of Contract act, the rules and terms in the contract should be expressed clearly in express term but in this case Jane has not expressed the value of the product and mode of the agreement properly. Invitation of treat has taken place but the consideration has not done properly in legal terms. In this case as pert section 7, breach of sales of goods act has taken place. Jack has accepted the offer but question may arise on expressive term. As per consumer rights act the buyer can ask about the offer clearly. In the second case, breach of Uniform Commercial Code of article 2 has taken place. The seller cannot keep same price of any second hand product similar with the current value of the product. So, obligation takes place here because of inappropriate use of sales of goodhas taken place here. In the thirdcase, the seller himself is running loss because he doesnt know the method of Sales of goods act and market value evaluation. As per contract law, binding of contract act takes place because rules of property act 1925 of section 52 and 54 has not been followed. The section 12 and 15 of Sales of goods act has been breached in this contract (Keenan, et al. 2007). Application The issues can be solved if the rules of contract law of section 9 are followed and the section 7 of sales goods act is not breached (McLean, et al. 2009)Jane has to state the terms and value of the product clearly in express term while making a valid agreement with Jack. Invitation of treat has took place because Jack accepts the offer and the contract is enforceable but consideration did not took place properly becausethe value and the way of agreement has not been described here properly. In this case if commercial codes rules and sales of goods act is followed properly and the rules of contract act are followed and before fixing the price the seller Jane should study about the market value of the product then problem does not arise in this case. Through the property act and the remedy of sales of goods act, the problem in this case can be solved. By following the rate of the market, the contract can be properly done and Jane should keep the price of the car, according to Property act 1925 where the rules are mentioned that how to fix the price of a second hand material or property (Federal and District of Columbia Government Real Property Act of 2005, 2005). Concusion There are various cases described in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd case scenario. Various rules of the contract law have not been used in the cases and the agreement is made. The breach of rules of contract law of UK has taken place in these cases. Remedies for the breach of the rules of the contract should be organized legally to solve the cases (Andrews, 2011). An offer, acceptance and consideration has taken place in this contract, all the rules are properly mentioned above and those are needed to applied the contract to make a valid agreement between both the parties, so that consideration takes place properly. 2: In the second case scenario, a contract has taken place between the ship builder and North Ocean Tankers. The contract is enforceable and void but as promisor is doing delay to fulfil the demand of the promisee, so obligation arises in this contract. The contract was made here following the rules of US (Andrews, 2011). Aster the contract formed, the ship builder started construction of building tanker after the agreement made with North Ocean Tankers. The conflict arises when the currency of US devalues 10%. Here, the ship builder starts running loss, so he decided to charge extra US$3 million for the work he is doing. The delivery was important so the promisor agreed but after the delivery of 9 months, they start delay to pay the money of the promisee. By seeing the above problem IRAC method is used for describing the cases problems and solving it. Issues A valid agreement took place between North Ocean Tankers but problem arises because the government of United States has devalues 10 of currency rate in US. This is the reason the economist are running loss and they are not able to pay their debt. In this case North Ocean Tankers become the victim of problem because they are not able to pay the extra money of the ship builder. The ship builder also runs loss because he made the tankers in a low price which is not sufficient for him. The contract took place but, it is not expressed clearly that, at which date the buyer has to pay the debt of the seller. The buyer promised to give the extra charge to the seller and because of his delay the seller can sue him to court for breaching the rules of the contract, as per Contract law (Andrews, 2011). Problem may arise in this scenario. Rules As per Federal arbitration act in US, the contract took place between two parties but in the contract, the previous rate was stated and the extra charge was not stated (Shimabukuro, 2002). Here, if the promisor (North Ocean Tankers) is not able to pay the debt of the promisee (Ship builder), then for violating the rules of the promise the seller can sue him to court and the English court will consider the behaviour as Unconscionability. Here, Breach of negotiation takes place in this case. Punitivedamageoccurred here, as per US law because;the promisee is the innocent party who is the victim of damage and the promisor is delaying in paying the money to the promisee. Negotiation takes place between the ship builder and the North Ocean Tankers and both were consent about the agreement, but the promisor or North Ocean Tankers breached the rules of the contract by delaying to pay the money of the promisee or the ship builder. So breach of terms in contract has taken place here, for which the plaintiff or promisee can sue thedefendant or promisor under English law for breach of federal rules of contract (Kennedy, 2010). North Ocean Tankers has done false statement that they will increase the money of the ship builder in time but they has breached the rules of the contract and done false promise. As per misinterpretation act 1967, the shipbuilder is misguided and on that perspective, the ship builder can ask recession and damage from the North Ocean Tankers for doing the false statement (Branch III, 2002). Application There are some relief or remedies of breach of contract which should be applied in this scenario. They are: Specific Performance Damages Restitution and Cancellation It is very important that legal and professional help is needed to be taken. Among all the remedies of breach,Reinstitution and cancellation takes place. In this case the reinstitution or the North Ocean Tankers company can be sued. Because dispute has taken place in the contract and no review has done. So for getting relieved from the obligation the company should take the help of government of US in taking loan from national bank to pay the debt of the Ship builder, so that the builder does not sue the company and claim for the damages. As the North Ocean Tankers in financial loss and cannot pay the debt of the ship builder, so through the help of law they can use the Bankruptcy act 1966. As per bankruptcy act, they can prove that they need some extra time to pay the debt. If the company proves that they are in bankrupt condition, then English court will give 6 months time to pay the debt of the promisee and the promisee has to wait for 6months for the money (Nichols, 2012). Obligation also takes place because the buyer has promised to pay the money to the seller in time. Conflict arises in this way and if the court is unable to solve the case then the court will name it innominate term where justification will take long time and answer of the judgment will take time. Conclusion As per case, the terms of the contract has been breached because the promisor delayed in paying the money of the promisee. The remedies has also been described above where different review and remedies are given through which the case can be solved. Mainly remedies of breach of contract and bankruptcy act can be applied in his case. References: Andrews, N. (2011). Contract law. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Austen-Baker, Richard. Implied Terms In English Contract Law. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar, 2011. Print. Branch III, J. E. (2002). Statutory Misinterpretation: The Foreign Intelligence Court of Review's Interpretation of the Significant Purpose Requirement of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act. Burrows, A. S. A Casebook On Contract. Oxford: Hart Pub., 2011. Print. Federal and District of Columbia Government Real Property Act of 2005.(2005). [Washington, D.C.]. Keenan, D. and Riches, S. (2007). Business law. Harlow: Pearson Longman. Kennedy, G. (2010). Negotiation. London: Profile. Law Of Contract. (2007) Implied Terms In Contracts For The Supply Of Goods. London: H.M.S.O., Print. Litowitz, Douglas E. Perspectives On The Uniform Commercial Code. Durham, N.C, (2001) Carolina Academic Press, Print. McLean, Janet. (2009) Property And The Constitution. Oxford: Hart, Print. Nichols, P. (2012). Bankruptcy Act 1966.Chatswood, N.S.W.: LexisNexis Butterworths. Shimabukuro, J. (2002). The Federal Arbitration Act. [Washington, D.C.]: Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress.

Night Of The Iguana Essays - The Night Of The Iguana,

Night Of The Iguana Leah Calvert Critique on Night of the Iguana Drama 11 November 4, 1998 A reverend's constant struggle for decency, preserving life, and moving forward while escaping the past are among the primary thematic characteristics in Tennessee Williams's Night of the Iguana. By far one of the most personal shows I have seen, this play seems to speak to each audience member uniquely; I at least found this true of Furman Theater's presentation. Although the leading roles lacked in their presentation, the supporting characters where convincing and extremely engaging, pulling the intimate theater's audience into the story. Overall, the production elements heightened the audiences viewing experience. Costuming and scenery complemented each other particularly well, creating an environment and period that enveloped the audience in the play's setting. Without a doubt, this was a job well done for Furman Theater. Maxine is the proprietor of The Costa Verde, a cheap Mexican motel. Her character is established from the first few moments of the play along with her Mexican night-swimmers. Their personalities exude an odd mixture of promiscuity, loneliness, and satisfaction. With the entrance of the once minister now tour guide, Larry Shannon, and his bus load of ladies from the Baptist Female College, this satisfaction is eliminated and replaced with the pain of indecency in a defrocked minister. Shannon's justification for arriving at the Costa Verde is to rest and escape form the constant chatter and uplifting songs of the female tour group. But in reality, his condition is much more serious; he is both mentally and physically ill and feels as though the Costa Verde can act as a safe haven from the rest the world. With his tarnished reputation in the church, Shannon also has a need to be atoned for the sins he has committed. In doing this, he hopes to purify himself enough to return the pulpit. The insatiable need for companionship and understanding are recognized immediately in both Shannon and Maxine. Regardless of the sarcastic comments between the two, the audience is easily convinced that both characters could provide friendship for the other. Unfortunately, with the entrance of Hannah Jelkes, a quick sketch artist, and her ninety-year young grandfather and poet, Nonno, Williams no longer elaborates on the the relationship of Maxine and Shannon; instead he shifts focus to Shannon's admiration for Ms.Jelkes through his constant use of fantastic. Shannon and Hannah's bond is established from their first hello. Shannon's face seems to say, Where have you been all my life? Even though her reaction is not as strong in the beginning, she steadily warms to his character. The two become fast friends, eventually uncovering each others the deepest secrets; Shannon revealing his pedophile tendencies while Hannah explains her two love experiences. As in Moliere's Misanthrope, the two main characters seem so different in the beginning, but we finally discover the two are very similar through the compassion as well as the conversations between Hannah and Shannon. It is because of these similarities that they could not travel together. It is in these final scenes that each character seems to realize their place; Shannon excepts his need for the companionship of Maxine, Hannah realizes her need for stability, and Nonno feels the desire to finish his final poem. With these revelations, Nonno dies peacefully. As Assistant Stage Manager, I found myself watching the play on several occasions; therefore, my opinion may have a tendency to be more in favor of or contrarily, a bit harsh on the acting and direction of the show. It must first be said that in theater giving someone a chance to play a role is necessary for the development of an actor's own ability. Unfortunately, it seemed that Oney took too great of a risk when casting Meggin Stailely as the forty-year-old spinster. Granted, her performance progressively improved during the run of the show, but it never peaked. At times the actress seemed almost angelic with her bright eyes and young figure. Her performance as Hannah Jelkes was not only unconvincing, but her movements on stage were awkward and unnatural. Makeup, costume, and the director's blocking could possibly be to blame for the shortcomings in her character, but from the first rehearsal to the last performance, Stailey's portrayal of Hannah seemed unimproved. Stailey was not the only upset in this